3  KAUTILYA’S   ‘ARTHASHAASTRA’

MadanMohan Tarun

Seven parts of state and the king

स्वाम्यमात्यजनपददुर्गकोशदणडमित्राणि प्रकृतयः। तत्र स्वामिसम्पत्- महाकुलीनो दैवबुद्धिसत्वसम्पन्नो वृद्ददर्शी धार्मिक; सत्यवागविसंवादकः कृतग्यः स्थूललक्षो महोत्साहोदीर्घसूत्र; सक्यसामन्तो दृढ॰बुद्धिरक्षुद्रपरिषत्को विनयकाम इत्याभिगामिका गुणाः। शुश्रूषाश्रवणग्रहणविग्यानोहापोहत्वाभिनिवेशाः प्रग्यागुणाः।

राज्य के सात अंग हैं- स्वामी, अमात्य, जनपद, दुर्ग, कोष, सेना, मित्र।

राजा को उच्चकुलोत्पन्न होना चाहिए। वह ईश्वरप्रदत्त बुद्धिमत्ता से युक्त हो। वृद्धों जैसी अनुभवपूर्ण बुद्धिवाला, धर्मात्मा, सत्यभाषी, सत्यप्रतिग्य, कृतग्य , दानी, महोत्साहि अदीर्र्घसूत्री, दृढ-बुद्धिसम्पन्न,  महानपुरुषों से युक्त और विनयशील हो।

श्रवण , ग्रहण' धारण, विग्यान, तर्कशक्तिसम्पन्न, निरर्थक बातों को त्यागनेवाला और यथार्थ का सम्मान करनेवाला हो।

There are seven parts of a state – 1. The king 2.Ministers 3. State 4. Fort 5. Treasury 6. Army 7. Friends.

A king must belong to a reputed linage, he should have god-gifted wisdom , brilliance, having high sense of self-respect,  matured wisdom and understanding like an old man, quick in action, religious minded, having respect for truth, does not forget others good deeds to him, firm and true to his promise, full of energy, youthful, man of decisive thinking , having friends of high qualities  and caliber , humble, helpful, listens patiently , open to good qualities of mind and action, scientific, logical and analytic in thinking   capable to give up unwanted, favors facts. A king must be brave, quick in understanding and action, well versed in his job, Man of words and maturity,  having good memory, high-headed, having feeling of his greatness , capable to deal with any problem, keeps ready  for future to deal with natural calamities like famine . Capable to return friendship and enmity both.

(From ‘Kautilya’s ‘ARTHASHAASTRA’ by MadanMohan Tarun)