Ramayana by Valmiki -1
Qualities of conversation
MadanMohan Tarun
Sugreeva was hiding with his important counselors in the thick forest around the Rishyamuk mountain, out of fear of his elder brother Bali, who had captured his whole kingdom along with his wife and had threatened him to kill if at all he was seen again.
Informers told him about two princely, charming and solid bodied strangers who were seen moving near Pampa Lake. This information worried Sugreeva. He sent Hanuman, one of his senior counselors, to get the details of those strangers. Hanuman went to Ram and Laxman
Concealing his original form of a monkey and disguised as a mendicant.
He introduced himself to Ram in such a perfect Sanskrit with accurate pronunciation of every word that he was highly impressed.
Here, Valmiki has given a highlighted account of qualities of impressive speech.
Being fully impressed by Hanuman, Ram told his younger brother Laxman to talk to him gently as he does not look to be an ordinary fellow.
One, who has not studied Rig-Veda, Yajurveda and Sam Veda and Grammar thoroughly, cannot speak such a faultless language from every angle.
In his full talk, he had not worded anything wrongly.
There was no any gestural lapse while he was talking.
His face, forehead, eyes and eyebrows were in his perfect control.
He was not shaking any limb of his body unnecessarily.
There was no any prolixity and ambiguity in his whole speech.
His pronunciation was perfect.
While talking his voice was neither low nor high, he talked gently.
It does not make grating impression on listeners’ ears.
It was a wholesome, distinct and grammatically correct speech.
It was fluent and delightful to mind.
His words generated from his bosom and articulated by his throat perfectly.
His speech was so delightful, perfect and appealing to the mind and heart that even an enemy with a raised sword in his hand will stop.
तमभ्यभाष सौमित्रेसुग्रीवं सचिवं कपिम।वाक्यज्ञंमधुरैर्वाक्यैः स्नेहयुक्तमरिदमम्।।
लक्षमण , सुग्रीव के दूत हनुमान वाणी के मर्म को समझनेवाले हैं ,तुम इनसे स्नेहपूर्ण वाणी में वार्ता करो।
नानृगवेदविनीतस्य नायजुर्वेद धारिणः।नासामवेदविदुषः शक्यमेवविभाषितुम्।।
जिसने यजुर्वेद का अध्ययन नहीं किया, जो सामवेद का ज्ञाता नहीं है ,वह इस प्रकार की भाषा में वार्ता नहीं कर सकता।
नूनं व्याकरणं कृत्स्नमनेन बहुधा श्रुतम्। बहु व्याहरतानेन न किंचिदपशब्दितम्।।
निश्चय ही उन्होंने समस्त व्याकरणशास्त्र का अध्ययन कई बार किया है; क्योंकि इतनी बातें बोलने पर भी उनकी वाणी सर्वथा निर्दोष है।
न मुखे नेत्रयोशचापि ललाटे च भ्रुवोस्तथा। अन्ये स्वपि च सर्वेषु दोषः संविदितः क्वचित।।
बोलते समय इनके नेत्र, मुख ,ललाट, भौंह तथा अन्य किसी भी अंग से कोई दोष प्रगट नहीं हुआ।
अविस्तरमसंदिग्धमविलम्बितमव्यथम्।ऊरःस्थं कण्ठगं वाक्यं वर्तते मध्यमस्वरम्।।
उन्होंने बडी॰ स्पष्टता से संक्षेप में अपना अभिप्राय स्पष्ट कर दिया। उसे समझने में कोई संदेह नहीं हुआ। उन्होंने अक्षरों या वाक्यों का रुक -रुक कर या तोड॰ – मरोड॰ कर उच्चारण नही किया, जो सुनने में कर्णकटु हो। इनकी वाणी हृदय में मध्यमा और कंठ में वैखरी रूप से स्थित है अतः बोलते समय न इनकी आवाज ऊँची रही न धीमी। मध्यम स्वर में ही इन्होंने सारी बातें कही हैं।
संस्कारक्रमसम्पन्नामद्भुतमविलम्बिताम्।उच्चारयति कल्याणीं वाचंहृदयहर्षिणीम्।।
ये संस्कार से सम्पन्न,अद्भुत , अविलम्बित तथा हृदय को आनन्दित करनेवाली कल्यणमयी वाणी का उच्चारण करते हैं।
अनया चित्रया वाचा त्रिस्थानव्यंजनस्थया। कस्यनाराध्यते चित्तमुद्यतासेररेरपि।।
ह्रदय , कण्ठ और मूर्धा - इन तीनों स्थानों से स्पष्टरूप से व्यक्त होनेवाली इनकी अद्भुत वाणी को सुनकर किसका चित्त प्रसन्न नहींहोगा। वध करने के लिए तलवार उठाए हुए शत्रु का मन भी ऐसी वाणी सुनकर बदल जाएगा।
किष्किंधा कांड ,चतुर्थ सर्ग श्लोक सं २७ -३३
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