Story of two mighty birds: Jataayu and Sampaati

Ramayana by Valmiki -3

MadanMohan Tarun

STORY OF TWO MIGHTY BIRDS: JATAAYU AND SAMPAATI

Jataayu and Sampaati were two super vultures, who helped Ram in their own way when Sita was abducted by Raavan.

Jataayu was the younger brother of Sampaati. They were great sons of their mother Sheyni. Ram met Jataayu while going to Panchavati to setup his cottage to stay there with his brother and Sita during his exile.

Jataayu ,the huge bird introduced himself as friend of king Dashrath. Ram received him with full honor. Jataayu was a mountain – like huge bodied bird full of strength. His beaks and paws were solid iron. His feathers were powerful though he was old and had seen thousands of years of his life. The brave bird had travelled around the whole world and had enjoyed the heights of sky and had gone up to Indra loak with his brother Sampaati.

 He was a well informed bird with great wisdom.

He narrated the history of origin of all beings living on the earth to Ram.

Jataayu told Ram-

सोहं वाससहायस्ते भविष्यामि यदिच्छसि।

इदं दुर्गम हि कान्तारं मृगराक्षससेवितम्।

सीतां च तात च रक्षिष्ये त्वयियाते स लक्ष्मणे।।३४

(If you desire, I can assist you in setting your dwelling. This inaccessible forest is full of beasts and orgs. I can guard Sita when you go out with Laxmana.)

Ram believed him and recognized his powers by entrusting Sita to him till he set up his dwelling in Panchvati with his brother Laxman-

स तत्र सीतां परिदाय मैथिलीं सहैव तेनातिबलेन पक्षिणा। 

जगाम तां पंचवटीम सलक्ष्मणो रिपून् दिधक्षंशलभानिवानलः।।३६

AraNya Kand, canto 14

After his cottage was set up he started living there with his wife Sita and younger brother Laxman.

One day RaavaN, the king of Lanka, abducted Sita in their absence. Sita was crying pathetically calling Ram and Laxman when she was being taken away by RaavaN on his flying chariot. Jataayu heard her cry and recognized Sita being abducted by a black bodied huge monster; He flew and went near RaavaN and tried to stop him by his valuable preaching, but failed to impress him.

He told RaavaN that he is an old bird and RaavaN is in his full youth. RaavaN is equipped with various weapons but he had nothing with him. Still, he will not allow RaavaN to take away Sita till he is alive.

‘तिष्ठ तिष्ठ दशग्रीव मुहूर्तं पश्य रावण।

वृंतादिव फलं त्वां तु पातयेयं रथोत्तमाम। युद्धातिथ्यं प्रदाश्यामि यथा प्राणं निशाचर।।28

Wait, wait a while, o ten- headed monster! See how I knock you down from your chariot. O power of night! I shall offer you hospitality on the battle field according to my strength.’ (AraNya Kaand, canto 50)

‘तद वभूवाद्भुतं युद्धं गृद्धराक्षसयोस्तदा। सपक्षयोर्माल्यवतोर्महा पर्वतोरिव।।3

Then there took place an astounding battle between the mighty vulture and the monster.

It appeared as if two huge feathered -mountains named as Malyaywan have clashed together.’

Jataayu, the mighty king of birds injured RaavaN badly by hitting him hard with his sharp beaks and terrible paws. Jataayu broke the bows of RaavaN by hitting it with his rock – solid legs. He also damaged his chariot, killed horses and his driver. He broke his breast plate made of solid gold. RaavaN fell down on the earth along with Sita from his chariot. Jataayu also fainted. Seeing him in this condition RaavaN started running away from the battle field carrying Sita on his flying chariot. He had consumed all his weapons on the mighty bird excepting a sword. When Jataayu came in senses and saw RaavaN flying on his chariot, he followed him and attacked with his full force but finally RaavaN injured him badly with his sword and he fell down senseless.

When Ram and Laxman came searching Sita on that spot, Jataayu told him the whole story and died. Eyes of Ram and Laxman went tearful seeing the mighty king of birds dead.  Ram embraced him and wept. He finally placed him on pyre, lighted it and cremated him with full dignity.

STORY OF SAMPAATI

Sugreeva sent many groups of mighty monkeys in different parts of the country to search Sita.

A group consisting of Hanuman, under the leadership of prince Angad was badly depressed as they had not traced Sita till only few days were left to report to Sugreeva about their finding. They were discussing their further strategies sitting on the Vindhya Mountain, where the old, famous and mighty vulture, Sampaati, brother of Jataayu lived. He was unable to fly as his feathers were left with no strength and were burnt. He used to catch his prey by running around. His mighty son Supaarshwa took care of him.

When he saw monkeys sitting there in huge number, he was pleased and thanked god for sending so much food for him. When monkeys came to know about his intentions they started criticizing him and talking about Jataayu and his greatness who sacrificed his life while protecting Sita, from RaavaN. This talk alarmed Sampati. When he heard that his brother   died. His eyes filled with tears and he told to monkeys in his emotion charged Voice that he is the elder brother of Jataayu. He could have taken revenge from RaavaN and have killed him by flying to Lanka alone, but his feathers are burnt and he is left with no any strength of flying. He told to monkeys that he had unparallel strength in his youth. He was able to go anywhere and fly up to any height. When he came to know that Indra, the king of gods has defeated mighty Vritraasur, he thought of judging his strength by defeating Indra, flying to Heaven. He flew to heaven with his younger brother Jataayu and defeated Indra. While returning back they wanted to enjoy having some rounds of the sun. They did so, but Jataayu could not wear the heat of sun and was completely exhausted and started falling down on the earth fast. ‘Seeing his life in danger I covered his body with my feathers .In doing so my feathers were burnt and I fell down on this mountain.’

Sampati told to monkeys that he is very old. He has seen all lokas. He has travelled far and near everywhere. He has measured all the heights with his mighty feathers. He knows how Vishnu, as incarnation of Vaaman, measured the whole universe in his three steps. He has seen the big war between gods and demons as well as he has

Witnessed the great event of churning of the ocean.

 He also said that every bird has a limited capacity to fly and they differ from one to the other in strength. Sparrows are the least flyers; crows can go higher than them.  Bhaas, herons and ospreys come in third order. Hawks are big flyers and they are graded fourth in order. Vultures cover still higher flights and they are graded as fifth in order. Among birds, Swans, the Garuda, descent of AruN and son of Vinita are the greatest flyers and they have no parallel in strength and virility. Saying this Sampaati, the great bird, stopped for a moment and said further ‘O leader’s monkeys! We vultures also claim to belonging to the descent of the same AruN, mothered by Shyeni. We vultures have sharp eyesight and are capable to see more than eight hundred miles from here.’ He further said that the beautiful woman is abducted by evil – minded and dark colored RaavaN, son of Vishravaa. He lives in famous island named Lanka situated in the sea and eight hundred miles away from here.  The beautiful woman, who looked like lightning in the black cloud, being carried by RaavaN, is still alive; I can see her from here.   He also said that Sita was seen by his mighty son Supaarshwa when he had gone to prey for my food on the mountain Mahendra. Sita dropped some of her cloths there. ‘

Sampaati continued with a little pause as if he was looking something deep within himself.’  Some eight thousand years back, I was left with nothing after losing my feathers, kingdom and my only brother Jataayu who fell down from the sky. I never knew where, before you told me about him. I preferred to die than to lead a life depending upon others for food and other needs of life. Before killing myself I met famous seer Nishaakar, who could recognize me with great difficulty. He told me that he can give me new feathers immediately, but he will not do so. He told me that some eight thousand years later a great son of king Dashrath, named Ram will be exiled and his wife named Sita will be abducted by the monster king RaavaN of Lanka...I will have to survive till that time as I too have some role to play in his tuff task . He also said that I will get new wings, new life with fresh vitality after doing my job for Ram.

Two new fresh red wings came out from his body while he was talking to Angad and other monkeys. This filled him with great pleasure and tremendous vitality. He announced ‘the words of the great seer rishi have come true. You will soon be able to reach Lanka and meet Sita and Ram will defeat RaavaN. Now you prepare yourself to cross the ocean.’

Saying so much, Sampaati, the great bird, flew from there towards the heights of sky fluttering his new mighty feathers in his high spirits. Monkeys kept on watching him till he disappeared from their eyes.

Valmiki has given involving description of these two mighty birds, Sampaati and Jataayu.

We cannot forget them. They cover a good part of our memory and appreciation for their strength, enthusiasm, and wisdom and cooperating spirit in favor of goodness even at the cost of their life.

Origin of all beings on the earth: A mythological approach

RaamaayaN by Vaalmiki -2

Origin of all beings on the earth: A mythological approach

MadanMohan Tarun

Mythology brings every being of the earth on the same platform – gods, human beings, animals, plants, trees, rivers, oceans , sun , moon, clouds, lightning and what not. They meet each –other and talk in the same language. They feel,understand and help each –other. Even their races have same origin.

Ganesha has head of elephant, Narsingha was lion up to head and human being from the rest of his body. There was a incarnation of pig to save the earth. The earth is based on the hoods of serpents and four elephants take care of  the balance of the earth. Ganesha rides on rat, Shiva on bull, Vishnu on the heavenly bird Garuda, Indra on elephant Airaavat,  Durga on lion, Laxmi on owl, Saraswati on goose, Kartikeya on peacock. Vishnu sleeps on the bed of the supreme serpent  SheShanaga, Brahma  sits on the lotus, growing from the naval of Vishnu. River Ganga is  a goddess. Some trees are auspicious and they are worshipped. Crows, sparrows and pigeons  enjoy the company of  human beings.

Ram was helped by monkeys , apes and bears in the war at Lanka with  Ravan. Hanuman has a status of god among Hindus.

Mythology has played a big role in maintaining balance between human and other beings of the earth and with the nature as a whole.

While going to Panchvati with his younger brother Laxman , Ram saw a huge bodied vulture on the way which appeared like a powerhouse of strength. He took him as a monster and asked –‘who are you?’ The vulture gave a mild look at him and said that he was a friend of king Dashrath. Ram paid respect to him and wanted to know his further details . Before introducing himself to Ram , the vulture gave a full detail of origin of beings on the earth.

He said –‘ there were seventeen Prajaapatis , lords of creation, in the beginning. Kardam was first among them ,followed by –Vikrita, Shesha, Sanshrya, Bahuputra, SthaaNu, Marichi, Atri, Kratu, Pulastya, Angiraa, Pracheta or varuN, Pulah, Dakschha, Vivaswaan,  Arishtnami and kashyap.

Dakschha had sixty daughters. They all were famous and illustrious. Eight of them are - Aditi, Diti, Danu, kalka, Taamraa, Krodhvashaa, Manu and Anlaa . They were married to Kashyapa. Pleased with them Kashyap told to his wives ‘You will give birth to sons  who will be the masters of world like me.’ Aditi , Diti, Danu and Kalka attentively listened to what he said others remained indifferent.

Aditi mothered thirty three gods- the twelve Adityas, eight Vasus, eleven Rudras, and the two Aswins.

Diti gave birth to the famous Daityas (demons).They all ruled this earth with forests and oceans under them.

Danu gave birth to Ashwagreeva ,Kalkaa to Naraka and Kaalaka .

Taamraa mothered five famous daughters named Kraunchi, Bhaasi, Shyeni, Dhritraashtri and shuki.

Kronchi gave birth to owls, bhaasi bore Bhaasa a particular race of bird,

 Sheyeni gave birth to hawks and vultures,

Dhiritrashtri bore  Swans and Kalpahansas of all types and Chakravaak  and some other birds. Shuki became mother of a daughter named Nataa ,Nataa gave birth to Vinataa.

Krodhvashaa gave birth to ten daughters -Mrigi and Mrigmandaa, Haree ,Bhadramadaa, Maatangi, Shaarduli, Shwetaa, Surabhi, Sursaa and Kdruka.

All deer are progeny of Mrigi, Mrigmanda mothered  bears, antelopes and

Bhadramada bore a daughter named Iraavati.

 Iravati mothered famous divine elephant Airaavat.

Lions , monkeys and baboons are the progeny of Haree.

Shaarduli bore tigers as her sons.

Maatangi mothered elephants.

Shweta became mother of those glorious elephants who are maintaining balance of this earth from all sides.They are known as Diggajaa.

Surabhi bore two daughters named Rohini and gandharvi. Surabhi mothered cows, buffalos and other cattle.

Gandharvi bore horses as her sons.

Sursaa mothered Nagas and Kadru became mother of snakes.

Manu, wife of Kashyapa, gave birth to human beings.

Anlaa gave birth to all trees, bearing fruits.

Kadru gave birth to thousand Naagaas who support this earth on their hoods.

Garuda and AruN are the two sons of vinataa.

Saying this much, the huge vulture looked at Ram and said – I am son of AruN , mothered by Shyeni. My name is Jataayu. We are two brothers. My elder brother is Sampaati.

AraNya Kand, Canto 14

In some Puranas, this tradition is mentioned with little of difference.

अथ पंचवटीं गच्छन्नन्तरा रघुननन्दनः।आससाद महाकायं गृध्रं भिमोराक्रमम्।।

तम द्रष्ट्वा तौ महाभागौवनस्थं रामलक्ष्मणौ।मेनाते राक्षसं पक्षिं वुवाणौ को भवानिति।।२

ततो मधुरया वाचा सौम्यया प्रीणयन्निव।उवाच वत्स मां विद्धिवयस्यं पितुरात्मनः।।३

स तं पितृसखं मत्वा पूजयामास राघवः। स तस्य कुलमव्यग्रमथ पप्रच्छ नाम च।।४

रामस्य वचनं श्रुत्वा कुलमात्मनमेव च।आचचक्षे द्विजतस्मै सर्वभूतसमुद्भवम्।।५

पूर्वकाले महाबाहो ये प्रजापतयोभवन्।तान् मे निगदतः सर्वानादित; शृणु राघव।।६

कर्दमः प्रथमस्तेषां विकृतस्तदनन्तरम्।शेषश्च संश्रयश्चैव बहुपुत्रश्च वीर्यवान।।७

स्थाणुर्मरीचिरत्रिश्च क्रतुश्चैव महाबलः। पुलस्त्यश्चांगिराश्चैव प्रचेताः पुलहस्तथा।।८

दक्षो विवस्वानपरोरिष्टनेमिश्च राघव।कश्यपश्च महातेजास्तेषामासीच्च पश्चिमः।।९

प्रजापतेस्तु दक्षस्य वभूवुरिति विश्रुताः।षष्टिर्दुहितरो राम यशस्विनयो महायशः।१०

कश्यपः प्रतिजग्राह तासामष्टौसुमध्यमाः ।अदितिं च दितिं चैव दनूमपि च कालकाम।।११

ताम्रां क्रोधवशां चैव मनुं चाप्यनलामपि।तास्तु कन्यास्ततः प्रीतः कश्यप: पुनरब्रवीत।।१2

पुत्रांस्त्रैलोक्यभर्तृन् वै जनयिष्यथ मत्समान्।अदितिस्तन्मना राम दितिश्च दनुरेवच।।१३

कालका च महाबाहो शेषास्त्वमनसोभवन।अदित्यां जज्ञिरे देवास्त्रयस्त्रिंशदरिदमम।।१४

अदित्या वसवो रुद्रा अश्विनौ च परम तप।दनुस्त्वजनयत् पुत्रान दैत्यास्तातयशस्विनः।।१५

तेषामियम वसुमती पुराssसीत् सवनार्णवा।दनुस्त्वजनयत् पुत्रमश्वग्रीवमरिंदम।।१६

 नरकं कालकम चैव कालकापि व्यजायत। क्रौंचीं भासीं तथा श्येनीं धृतराष्ट्रीं तथा शुकीम्।।१७

ताम्रा तु सुषुवे कन्याः पंचैता लोकविश्रुताः।ऊलूकांजनयत कौंची भासी भासान व्यजायत।।१८

श्येनी श्येनांश्चगृध्रांश्च व्यजायत सुतेजसः।धृतराष्ट्री तु हंसाश्च कलहंसाश्च सर्वशः।।१९

चक्रवाकांश्च भद्रं ते विजज्ञे सापि भामिनी। शुकी नतां विजज्ञे तु नतायां विनता सुता।।२०

दश क्रोधवशा राम विजज्ञेsप्यात्मसम्भवाः।मृगीं च मृगमंदां च हरीं भद्रमदामपि।।२१

मतंगी मथ शार्दूलीं श्वेतां च सुरभिं तथा।सर्वलक्षणसम्पन्नां सुरसां कद्रुकामपि।।२२

अपत्यं तु मृगाः सर्वे मृग्यानरवरोत्तमम।ऋक्षाश्च मृगमन्दायाःसृमराश्चमरास्तथा।।२३

ततस्त्विरावतीं नाम जज्ये भद्रमदा सुताम्।तस्यास्त्वैरावत; पुत्रो लोकनाथो महागजः।।२४

हयार्श्च हरयोपत्यम वानराश्च तपस्विनः।गोलांगूलाश्च शार्दूली व्याघ्रांश्चाजनयत् सुतान्।।२५

मातंग्यास्त्वत्वथ मातंगा अपत्यं मनुजर्षभ।दिशागजं तु काकुत्स्थ श्वेता व्यजनयत् सुतम्।।२६

ततो दुहितरौ राम सुरभिर्द्वे व्यजायत।रोहिणी नाम भद्रंते गंधर्वी च यशस्विनाम्।।२७

रोहिण्यजनयद् गावो गंधर्वीम वाजिनः सुतान्।सुरसाजनयन्नागान् राम कद्रूश्च पन्नगान्।।२८

मनुर्मनुष्यांजनयत् कश्यपस्य महात्मनः।ब्रह्मनान क्षत्रियान् वैश्यांशू्द्रांश्च मनुजर्षभ।।२९

सर्वान् पुण्यफलान् वृक्षाननलापि व्यजायत।विनता च शुकीपौत्री कद्रूश्च सुरसासुता।।३१

कद्रूर्नागसहस्रम तु विजज्ञे धरणीधरान्।द्वौ पुत्रौ विनतायास्तु गरुडोsरुण एव च।।३२

तस्मातजातोsहमरुणात सम्पातिश्च ममाग्रजः।जटायुरिति मा विद्धि श्येनीपुत्रमरिमदम।।३३

वाल्मीकीय रामायण ,अरण्यकाण्ड ,सर्ग १४

पंचवटी की ओर जाते हुए राम - लक्ष्मण ने एक विशाल बलशाली गीध देखा। परिचय पूछने पर उसने अपने को राजा दशरथ का मित्र बताया। अपना परिचय देने के पूर्व महागृध जटायु ने समस्त प्राणियों की उत्पति का वृतांत सुनाया। यहाँ ध्यातव्य है कि हर कोई अपना श्रोत,अपनी मूल उत्पत्ति के बारे में जानना चाहता है। पौराणिक गाथाकार (Mythology )की इस सत्य तक पहुँच की अपनी पद्धति है । यहाँ प्रस्तुत विवरण को उसी रूप में देखा जाना चाहिए।

जटायु ने समस्त प्राणियों की उत्पत्ति का विवरण राम के सामने इस रूप में प्रस्तुत किया - पूर्वकाल में सत्रह प्रजापति हुए-१कर्दम २ विकृत ३ शेष ४ संश्रय ५ बहुपुत्र

६ स्थाणु ७ मरीचि ८ अत्रि ९ क्रतु १० पुलस्त्य ११ अंगिरा १२ प्रचेता या वरुण १३ पुलह १४ दक्ष १५ विवस्वान १६ अरिष्टनेमि १७ कश्यप

इन प्रजापतियों मै दक्ष की साठ विख्यात पुत्रियाँ हुईं। इनमें से आठ कश्यप जी की पत्नी बनीं।उनके नाम हैं -अदिति , दिति, दनु, कालका,ताम्रा ,क्रोधवशा ,मनु और अनला।

अदिति के गर्भ से तैतीस देवता - बारह आदित्य ,आठ वसु,ग्यारह रुद्र और दो अश्विनी कुमार - उत्पन्न हुए।

दिति ने दैत्य नामक पुत्र उत्पन्न किए। दनु से अश्वग्रीव, कालका से नरक एवं कालक नाम के पुत्र उत्पन्न हुए।

 ताम्रा से क्रौंची,भासी,श्येनी,धृतराष्ट्री तथा शुकी नाम की पुत्रियों का जन्म हुआ।

इनमें से क्रौंची उल्लुओं की , भासी भास नामक पक्षियों की , श्येनी वाजों और गीधों की तथा धृतराष्ट्री हंसों एवम चक्रवाकों की माँ बनी।

ताम्रा की सबसे छोटी बेटी नता से शुकी और शुकी से विनता नाम की पुत्रियों का जन्म हुआ।

क्रोधवशा के गर्भ से दस पुत्रियों का जन्म हुआ। उनसे अनेक पशु योनि की संतानें हुई जिन्होंने कालक्रम में अपनी वंश - परम्परा - परम्परा का निर्वाह किया।

क्रोधवशा की दस पुत्रियों के नाम इस प्रकार हैं - मृगी, मृगमंदा,हरी ,भद्रमदा, मातंगी,शार्दूली,श्वेता , सुरभि, सुरसा और कद्रुका।

मृगी से मृगों की,मृगमंदा से ऋक्षों, कुछ अन्य पशुओं और हिरणी की वंश - परम्परा चली।

मद्रमदा से इरावती नाम की कन्या का जन्म हुआ।इरावती ऐेरावत नाम से प्रसिद्ध गजराज की माँ बनीं।

हरी से लंगूर वानर तथा शेरों की वंश - परम्परा चली।

 क्रोधवशा की पुत्री शार्दूली बाघों की माँ बनी।

मातंगी हाथियों की माँ बनी और श्वेता ने पुत्र के रूप में दिग्गज को जन्म दिया।

क्रोधवशा की पुत्री सुरभि दो पुत्रियों की माँ बनी।रोहिणी से गायों का जन्म हुआ और गंधवी से घोडों॰ की वंश - परम्परा शुरू हुई।

सुरसा ने नागों और कद्रू नेसाँपों को जन्म दिया।

कश्यप की संतान मनु से मनुष्य जाति उत्पन्न हुई।  

कश्यप - पत्नी अनला से समस्त वृक्ष उत्पन्न हुए।

कश्यपपत्नी ताम्रा की बेटी शुकी थी। विनता उसकी पौत्री थी। कद्रू सुरसा की बहन थी।

सुरसा ने एक हजार नागों को उत्पन्न किया जिस पर यह पृथ्वी अवस्थित है।

विनता के दो पुत्र हुए -गरुड॰ और अरुण।

इतना कहने के पश्चात जटायु ने अपना परिचय देते हुए कहा कि वे अरुण से उत्पन्न श्येनी के पुत्र हैं।उनके बडे॰ भाई का नाम सम्पाति है।

कुछ अन्य पुराणों मैं इस वंश-परम्परा से तनिक भिन्न परम्परा का उल्लेख किया गया है।

Mythology की यह विशेषता है कि उसमें समस्त प्राणी देवता ,मनुष्य, पशु,पक्षी, वृक्ष, नदी , पर्वत,सागर, बादल चाँद ,सूरज सब एक ही मंच पर आजाते हैं और एक - दूसरे की भाषा समझते हैं तथा उनका सहयोग करते हैं।

लंका में युद्ध के समय राम की सेना के सारे सैनिक वानर, लंगूर और भालू थे जिन्होंने रावण की सेना का पूरी तरह विनाश कर दिया।

RAMAYAN by Valmiki -1 QUALITIES OF CONVERSATION

Ramayana by Valmiki -1

Qualities of conversation

MadanMohan Tarun

Sugreeva was hiding with his important counselors in the thick forest around the Rishyamuk mountain, out of fear of his elder brother Bali, who had captured his whole kingdom along with his wife and had threatened him to kill  if at all he was seen again.

Informers told him about two princely, charming and solid bodied strangers who were seen moving near Pampa Lake. This information worried Sugreeva. He sent Hanuman, one of his senior counselors, to get the details of those strangers. Hanuman went to Ram and Laxman

Concealing his original form of a monkey and disguised   as a mendicant.

He introduced himself to Ram in such a perfect Sanskrit with accurate pronunciation of every word that he was highly impressed.

Here, Valmiki has given a highlighted account of qualities of impressive speech.

Being fully impressed by Hanuman, Ram told his younger brother Laxman to talk to him gently as he does not look to be an ordinary fellow.

One, who has not studied Rig-Veda, Yajurveda and Sam Veda and Grammar thoroughly, cannot speak such a faultless language from every angle.

In his full talk, he had not worded anything wrongly.

There was no any gestural lapse while he was talking.

His face, forehead, eyes and eyebrows were in his perfect control.

He was not shaking any limb of his body unnecessarily.

There was no any prolixity and ambiguity in his whole speech.

His pronunciation was perfect.

While talking his voice was neither low nor high, he talked gently.

It does not make grating impression on listeners’ ears.

It was a wholesome, distinct and grammatically correct speech.

It was fluent and delightful to mind.

His words generated from his bosom and articulated by his throat perfectly.

His speech was so delightful, perfect and appealing to the mind and heart that even an enemy with a raised sword in his hand will stop.

तमभ्यभाष सौमित्रेसुग्रीवं सचिवं कपिम।वाक्यज्ञंमधुरैर्वाक्यैः स्नेहयुक्तमरिदमम्।।

लक्षमण , सुग्रीव के दूत हनुमान वाणी के मर्म को समझनेवाले हैं ,तुम इनसे स्नेहपूर्ण वाणी में वार्ता करो।

नानृगवेदविनीतस्य नायजुर्वेद धारिणः।नासामवेदविदुषः शक्यमेवविभाषितुम्।।

जिसने यजुर्वेद का अध्ययन नहीं किया, जो सामवेद का ज्ञाता नहीं है ,वह इस  प्रकार की भाषा में वार्ता नहीं कर सकता।

नूनं व्याकरणं कृत्स्नमनेन बहुधा श्रुतम्। बहु व्याहरतानेन न किंचिदपशब्दितम्।।

निश्चय ही उन्होंने समस्त व्याकरणशास्त्र का अध्ययन कई बार  किया है; क्योंकि इतनी बातें बोलने पर भी उनकी वाणी सर्वथा निर्दोष है।

न मुखे नेत्रयोशचापि ललाटे च भ्रुवोस्तथा। अन्ये स्वपि च सर्वेषु दोषः संविदितः क्वचित।।

 बोलते समय इनके नेत्र, मुख ,ललाट, भौंह तथा अन्य किसी भी अंग से कोई दोष प्रगट नहीं हुआ।

अविस्तरमसंदिग्धमविलम्बितमव्यथम्।ऊरःस्थं कण्ठगं वाक्यं वर्तते मध्यमस्वरम्।।

उन्होंने बडी॰ स्पष्टता से संक्षेप में अपना अभिप्राय स्पष्ट कर दिया। उसे समझने में कोई संदेह नहीं हुआ। उन्होंने अक्षरों या वाक्यों का   रुक -रुक कर या तोड॰ – मरोड॰ कर उच्चारण नही किया, जो सुनने में कर्णकटु हो। इनकी वाणी हृदय में मध्यमा और कंठ में वैखरी रूप से स्थित है अतः बोलते समय न इनकी आवाज  ऊँची रही न धीमी। मध्यम स्वर में ही इन्होंने सारी बातें कही हैं।

संस्कारक्रमसम्पन्नामद्भुतमविलम्बिताम्।उच्चारयति कल्याणीं वाचंहृदयहर्षिणीम्।।

ये संस्कार से सम्पन्न,अद्भुत , अविलम्बित तथा हृदय को आनन्दित करनेवाली कल्यणमयी वाणी का उच्चारण करते हैं।

अनया चित्रया वाचा त्रिस्थानव्यंजनस्थया। कस्यनाराध्यते चित्तमुद्यतासेररेरपि।।

ह्रदय , कण्ठ और मूर्धा - इन तीनों स्थानों से स्पष्टरूप से व्यक्त होनेवाली इनकी अद्भुत वाणी को सुनकर किसका चित्त प्रसन्न नहींहोगा। वध करने के लिए तलवार उठाए हुए शत्रु का मन भी ऐसी वाणी सुनकर बदल जाएगा।

किष्किंधा कांड ,चतुर्थ सर्ग श्लोक सं २७ -३३